What’s the Whole Story Behind This Sunken City off Cuba?

By: Georgia McKoy | Published: Mar 08, 2024

Researchers have discovered intriguing formations beneath the waters of Cabo de San Antonio, off Cuba’s western tip.

These formations, identified by the Canadian exploration company Advanced Digital Communications (ADC), resemble smooth blocks, crests, and geometric shapes, suggesting they might be remnants of an ancient civilization. This discovery has ignited discussions among scientists, historians, and archaeologists about its potential implications for understanding human history.

The Initial Discovery by Zalitzki and Weinzweig

In 2001, during a survey mission off Cuba’s coast, marine engineers Pauline Zalitzki and Paul Weinzweig, who run the ACD, detected intriguing formations on the ocean floor.

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An underwater image showing stone formations that appear to be arranged in a symmetrical pattern, resembling the ruins of an ancient architectural complex

Source: Ancient Artefacts/Youtube

Utilizing advanced sonar equipment, they revealed an extensive series of symmetric and geometric stone structures, likened by observers to an underwater city, which sparked a global media frenzy.

A Wave of Media and Scientific Excitement

Following the discovery, headlines worldwide proclaimed the potential finding of Atlantis or a comparable lost civilization beneath the Cuban waters.

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A split-image photograph taken underwater showcasing two different angles of geometric stone structures. On the left, the formations are aligned in a row, suggesting an artificial arrangement with rectangular and square shapes. On the right, the structures are more vertical, with some resembling pylons or towers

Source: Ancient Artefacts/Youtube

This led to heightened interest from various scientific communities and promises of further investigation from governmental and academic institutions.

Detailed Underwater Exploration

A subsequent mission employed remotely operated vehicles to capture clearer images of the seabed formations.

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An underwater photograph of a diver wearing a full-face mask and a helmet, positioned behind a piece of navigation equipment with a visible compass

Source: Wikimedia Commons

These images showed large, organized stone blocks, some of which appeared deliberately stacked, suggesting a complexity and purpose beyond natural formations.

Ancient Flood Narratives and Scientific Perspectives

Flood myths are prevalent in many cultures worldwide, often describing catastrophic events that destroy entire civilizations.

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A detailed black and white engraving depicting a chaotic scene of a city inundated with water. In the foreground, numerous people and animals are in various states of escape, with some climbing trees and others attempting to swim to safety

Source: Wikimedia Commons

Scientists and historians consider these myths as dramatized memories of rising sea levels from the Ice Age’s end. Such tales, while varying across cultures, consistently feature themes of divine retribution and cataclysmic destruction.

Scientific Inquiry and Skepticism

The potential link between Cuba’s underwater findings and mythic stories like Atlantis attracts both curiosity and skepticism.

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This digital artwork depicts a fantastical underwater scene with a large stone archway leading to a sunlit cityscape in the distance. The archway is adorned with classical sculptures and is entwined with marine plants, suggesting an ancient submerged city

Source: Wikimedia Commons

Geologist Manuel Iturralde emphasizes the importance of maintaining an open mind but also acknowledges the difficulty in explaining these structures.

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Linking Myth to Reality

Iturralde, the director of research at Cuba’s Natural History Museum, acknowledges the striking nature of these underwater formations.

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A photograph taken underwater showing a diver's arm reaching out towards a small, pyramid-like stone structure covered in marine growth. The pyramid, with a central doorway and steps leading up to it, sits on the ocean floor

Source: Playa Mia Grand Beach Park/Youtube

He suggests that if proven to be man-made, they could corroborate indigenous oral histories, such as those of the Maya and Yucatecos, who speak of a sunken island where their ancestors lived.

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Alternative Theories and Local Legends

Zelitsky and Weinzweig avoided sensational claims, suggesting instead that these structures could be remnants of a known culture from a land bridge once connecting Cuba to the Yucatan Peninsula.

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A simplified, color-coded map highlighting the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean region. The landmasses, including parts of North and Central America and the islands of the Caribbean, are depicted in green. The Gulf of Mexico is shown in a lighter shade

Source: Wikimedia Commons

This hypothesis aligns with local myths about submerged lands in native traditions.

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The Challenge of Geological Explanation

The Archaeologist notes that the underwater formations near Cuba are so unusual that even experienced geologists like Iturralde find them hard to explain through conventional geological processes.

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The image displays an underwater scene with a greenish hue, showcasing a large, encrusted statue lying on the ocean floor

Source: Wikimedia Commons

This ambiguity fuels further investigation and debate over whether these structures are natural or human-made, illustrating the complexity of underwater archaeology.

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The Absence of Follow-Up Studies

Despite the early promises of thorough investigations by various organizations, there has been a noticeable lack of published follow-up research, leaving many questions about the structures’ origins and nature unanswered.

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A scuba diver in full gear is captured underwater near a large coral formation. The diver is floating in clear, blue water, alongside a coral structure

Source: Wikimedia Commons

The rapid decline in media attention and absence of subsequent reports have led to speculation about potential information suppression.

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Global Parallels with Indian Underwater Ruins

Similar to Cuba’s findings, the underwater ruins off Mahabalipuram, India, have historians and archaeologists drawing parallels.

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An image taken underwater depicting an encrusted statue that resembles a deity, possibly from Hindu iconography, sitting on a pedestal surrounded by coral reefs

Source: BALA ORGANIC FARMING/Youtube

These ruins, linked to local legends of submerged temples, showcase how global cultures have narratives of lost cities, which, like the Cuban discovery, challenge our understanding of ancient human societies.

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The Cuban Underwater City's Mysteries

The Cuban underwater city presents a unique challenge to scientists, lying at depths suggesting it predates known sea level rises. This anomaly raises questions about the city’s origin and the accuracy of our current understanding of sea levels and human settlement patterns throughout history.

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An image capturing a scenic view at dusk, featuring a white lighthouse perched on the edge of a steep, rocky cliff. Below, the calm sea extends to the horizon

Source: Wikimedia Commons

The hypothesis that the Caribbean Sea might have been a dry basin capable of supporting human civilization is revolutionary. It suggests that the underwater city discovered near Cuba could have been part of a landscape radically different from today’s, offering new insights into human history and our planet’s geological changes.

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